How to Define CTQ Parameters for Molding | CoreLMould
CTQ critical to quality quality control inspection process control

How to Define CTQ Parameters for Molding

Master CTQ identification and control for injection molding. Covers dimension classification, measurement strategies, and control methods.

mike-chen •

Understanding Ctq Injection Molding CTQ,

Critical-to-Quality. The dimensions that matter. The characteristics that, if wrong, will get your parts rejected or cause field failures. I’ve seen CTQ lists that included everything. I’ve seen CTQ lists that missed the critical dimension. Here’s how to identify and control what matters.

Understanding CTQ

Definition CTQ characteristics are product requirements that are critical to quality, safety, or regulatory compliance.

Failure to meet these requirements results in unacceptable risk.

CTQ Categories

Category Definition ExamplesSafetyFailure causes harm Load-bearing hasRegulatoryLegal requirements
Medical device hasFunctionPart won’t work Fit, assembly, performanceCosmeticCustomer rejects Visible surfacesAssemblyWon’t assemble Interference fits

CTQ vs. Non-CTQ CharacteristicCTQ?

ReasonPart fits assemblyYesFunctionScrew boss holds fastenerYesFunctionSnap-fit flexes correctlyYesFunctionNon-visible rib strengthMaybeDepends on loadOverall lengthYesAssembly referenceHole diameter (fit)YesAssemblyHole diameter (not critical)NoReference onlyCosmetic surface finishYesAppearanceHidden surface finishNoNot visible

CTQ Identification Process

Step 1: Drawing Review

Activity Output Review all dimensions
Complete dimension list Identify GD&#x 26;T symbols
Tolerance requirements Note special notes Critical requirements

Step 2: Function Analysis

Question AnswerCTQ?

Does this feature fit with another? Yes/NoIf yes → CTQDoes this feature support load? Yes/NoIf yes → CTQIs this visible to customer? Yes/NoIf yes → CTQDoes failure cause hazard? Yes/NoIf yes → CTQIs this a reference dimension? Yes/NoIf yes → Not CTQ

Step 3: Risk Assessment

Factor High Risk
Medium Risk Low RiskFunction impactWon’t work
Degraded No impactSafety impactDangerous
Minor NoneCustomer visibilityVisible
Sometimes HiddenAssembly impactWon’t assemble
Difficult EasyRegulationRequired
Recommended None

CTQ Classification Matrix Risk

Level Function Safety
Visibility Assembly Regulation
Result High High
High High High
High★ CTQ High High
Medium Medium Medium
Low★ CTQ Medium Medium
Low High Medium
Low Major Low
Low Low Low
Low Low Minor

CTQ Documentation

CTQ Register CTQ

#Feature Specification Tolerance Measurement
Method FreqCTQ-001 Overall width 50.00mm±0.20CMM100%CTQ-002
Boss diameter 12.50mm±0.05 Gage 100%CTQ-003
Hole position 25.00mm±0.10CMM SampleCTQ-004 Surface finish
Ra 0.8 Max Profilometer Sample

CTQ Specification

Field InformationCTQ Number Unique identifier
Feature name Descriptive name Drawing reference
Dimension number Specification Nominal value
Tolerance Upper/lower limits Measurement methodCMM, gage, visual
Sample size How many Frequency
How often Control methodSPC, attribute, etc. Responsible Who measures

Measurement Strategy for CTQs

Measurement Method Selection CTQ

Type Method Accuracy
Speed Precision fitCMM Excellent
Moderate Position GD&#x 26;TCMM
Excellent Moderate Functional fit
Functional gage Very good Fast
Surface finish Profilometer Excellent
Moderate Visual cosmetic Visual inspection

Sample Size Determination CTQ

Type Criticality Sample Size
Frequency★ Safety Highest 100%
Every part★ Regulatory Highest 100%
Every part★ Function High 100% or 5/hour
Hourly Major Medium
5/hour Hourly Minor
Low 1-2/hour Periodic

SPC Requirements CTQ LevelSPC Required?

Chart Type★ CTQYesX-bar/R or I-MRMajorYesI-MR for weightMinorNoMonitoring only

Control Methods

Incoming Control

Control Method Acceptance
Material certsCOA review Verify spec Incoming inspection
Key tests Sample Supplier monitoring

In-Process Control

Control Method Reaction
Process monitoringSPC charts Investigate signals First/last piece
Full inspection Hold if fails Periodic checkCTQ measurement
Adjust if drifting Statistical inspection Sample

Final Inspection

Control Method CoverageCTQ verification
Per control plan 100% or sample Visual inspection
Standard 100% Functional test

Inspection Planning CTQ

#Feature Method Equipment
FrequencyCTQ-001 WidthCMM #1 HourlyCTQ-002
Boss ID Go/ No-go
Ring gage Every 5 partsCTQ-003 PositionCMM #1
SampleCTQ-004 Finish Visual

Control Plan Integration

Control Plan Elements

Element Contents Operation
Manufacturing step Characteristic What is being controlled
SpecificationCTQ requirements Evaluation method Measurement technique
Sample size How many Frequency
How often Control methodSPC, inspection, etc. Reaction plan What if out of spec

Control Plan Example

Operation Characteristic Spec Method
Sample Freq Control 20
  • Injection Part weight25.0g ±0.5g Scale115 min I-MR chart20
  • Injection Width50.0mm ±0.2mm CMM5 Hourly X-bar/R25
  • Ejection Flash None Visual100% Continuous Stop if flash30
  • Trim Gate vestige<0.5mm Gage5 Hourly Go/No-go

CTQ Validation

Risk-Based Validation CTQ

Category Validation Scope Documentation
Safety Full FAI Complete
Regulatory Full FAI Complete
Critical function Full FAI Complete
Standard function Partial FAI Key dimensions

Validation Methods

Method Use Confidence
Full dimensionalCTQ list High Capability studyCTQ parameters
High Design verification Critical features
High Production validation Actual conditions

Common CTQ Mistakes

Mistake 1: Too Many CTQs Problem:

Listing every dimension as CTQ dilutes focus. Solution: Classify properly. Only true CTQs get full control.

Mistake 2: Missing Critical Dimensions Problem:

The one dimension that matters isn’t on the list. Solution: Thorough function analysis. Include failure mode review.

Mistake 3: Wrong Measurement Method Problem:

Using slow method on high-frequency CTQ. Solution: Match method to production needs. Functional gages for 100%.

Mistake 4: No Reaction Plan Problem:

CTQ found out of spec but no plan to respond. Solution: Document reaction in control plan. Train operators.

Mistake 5: Forgetting Cosmetics Problem:

Focusing only on dimensions, ignoring appearance. Solution: Include cosmetic CTQs. Visual standards, AAI.

CTQ Checklist

Identification Drawing reviewed completely All dimensions listed Function analysis completed Safety requirements identified Regulatory requirements identified Customer requirements incorporated CTQ classification complete CTQ register created

Implementation Measurement methods selected Equipment calibrated Control plan updated SPC charts created (if applicable) Sampling plan defined Reaction plan documented Operators trained First articles verified

Validation CTQs measured on production parts Results within specification Capability calculated (if applicable) Control methods verified Documentation complete Customer submitted (if required)

The Bottom Line CTQ is about focus,identifying what matters and controlling it rigorously.

Too many CTQs means nothing gets proper attention. Too few means critical things get missed. The drawing tells you what’s specified. The function analysis tells you what’s critical. The risk assessment tells you how to classify. Don’t call everything CTQ. Don’t miss the critical dimensions. That’s how you build quality into the process instead of inspecting it in.

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